글쓴이 : abcd2014

조회 : 7,201  

Human Development Index and its components




Notes
a. Data refer to 2014 or the most recent year available.
b. Based on Barro and Lee (2013b).
c. For the purpose of calculating the HDI value, expected years of schooling is capped at 18 years.
d. Updated by HDRO based on data from UNESCO Institute for Statistics (2015) and Barro and Lee (2014).
e. Based on Barro and Lee (2014).
f. Based on data from the national statistical office.
g. For the purpose of calculating the HDI value, GNI per capita is capped at $75,000.
h. Value from UNDESA (2011).
i. Calculated as the average of mean years of schooling for Austria and Switzerland.
j. Estimated using the purchasing power parity (PPP) rate and projected growth rate of Switzerland.
k. HDRO estimate based on data from World Bank (2015a) and United Nations Statistics Division (2015).
l. Updated by HDRO based on data from UNESCO Institute for Statistics (2015).
m. Assumes the same adult mean years of schooling as Spain.
n. Estimated using the PPP rate and projected growth rate of Spain.
o. Based on data from UNESCO Institute for Statistics (2011).
p. Based on data on school life expectancy from UNESCO Institute for Statistics (2013).
q. Based on data from United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys for 2005–2014.
r. Based on cross-country regression.
s. The 2013 HDI value published in the 2014 Human Development Report was based on miscalculated GNI per capita in 2011 PPP dollars, as published in the World Bank (2014). A more realistic value, based on the model developed by HDRO and verified and accepted by Cuba’s National Statistics Office, is $7,222. The corresponding 2013 HDI value is 0.759 and the rank is 69th.
t. Based on a cross-country regression model and projected growth rates from ECLAC (2014).
u. HDRO calculations based on data from National Institute for Educational Studies of
Brazil (2013).
x. Based on projected growth rates from UNESCWA (2014).
v. Updated by HDRO based on data from UNESCO Institute for Statistics (2015) and a UNICEF Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey.
w. Based on data on school life expectancy from UNESCO Institute for Statistics (2012).
y. Based on data from ICF Macro Demographic and Health Surveys for 2005–2014.
z. Updated by HDRO based on data from UNESCO Institute for Statistics (2015), an ICF Macro Demographic and Health Survey and Barro and Lee (2014).
aa. Updated by HDRO based on data from a UNICEF Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey.
ab. Based on data from Timor-Leste Ministry of Finance (2015).

Definitions
Human Development Index (HDI): A composite index measuring average achievement in three basic dimensions of human development—a long and healthy life, knowledge and a decent standard of living. See Technical note 1 at http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/hdr2015_technical_notes.pdf for details on how the HDI is calculated.
Life expectancy at birth: Number of years a newborn infant could expect to live if prevailing patterns of age-specific mortality rates at the time of birth stay the same throughout the infant’s life.
Expected years of schooling: Number of years of schooling that a child of school entrance age can expect to receive if prevailing patterns of age-specific enrolment rates persist throughout the child’s life.
Mean years of schooling: Average number of years of education received by people ages 25 and older, converted from education attainment levels using official durations of each level.
Gross national income (GNI) per capita: Aggregate income of an economy generated by its production and its ownership of factors of production, less the incomes paid for the use of factors of production owned by the rest of the world, converted to international dollars using PPP rates, divided by midyear population.

Main data sources
Column 1: HDRO calculations based on data from UNDESA (2015), UNESCO Institute for Statistics (2015), United Nations Statistics Division (2015), World Bank (2015a), Barro and Lee (2014) and IMF (2015).
Column 2: UNDESA (2015).
Column 3: UNESCO Institute for Statistics (2015).
Column 4: UNESCO Institute for Statistics (2015), Barro and Lee (2014), UNICEF Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys and ICF Macro Demographic and Health Surveys.
Column 5: World Bank (2015a), IMF (2015) and United Nations Statistics Division (2015).
Column 6: Calculated based on data in columns 1 and 5.


.
국제연합(※정식명칭:United Nations 약칭:UN.)의 산하기구인 국제연합개발계획(※정식명칭:United Nations Development Program 약칭:UNDP.)에서 올해인 2015년 12월 14일에 에티오피아의 수도인 아디스아바바특별시에서 발표한 무려 총 206가지나 되는 굉장히 수많은 요소들을 비롯 포함해 매년마다 발표하는 올해인 2015년 기준 전세계 종합선진화지수=인간개발지수(※정식명칭:Human Development Index 약칭:HDI.)순위입니다

(각국의 소득, 교육, 수명, 삶의질을 종합적으로 평가하는 대표적인 세계 선진국 지수 HDI)



번역:abcd2014
해외 네티즌 반응 | 가생이닷컴 www.gasengi.com